Gap junctions are specialized intercellular channels that allow direct communication between adjacent cells. These channels are formed by connexin proteins, which assemble into hexameric structures known as connexons. When connexons from neighboring cells align, a pore is formed that permits the passage of small molecules, ions, and electrical signals between cells. Gap junctions play a crucial role in coordinating the activity of cells within tissues and organs, allowing for the rapid and synchronized transmission of signals. They are involved in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and development, as well as in the regulation of physiological functions like heart rhythm, neuronal signaling, and muscle contraction. Research in the field of gap junctions aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying their assembly, regulation, and function, as well as their role in various physiological and pathological conditions. Studying gap junctions can provide insights into cell-cell communication, tissue homeostasis, and the development of potential therapeutic strategies for diseases characterized by altered gap junction function.